Information Systems and Organisation Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2250 words

Data Systems and Organization - Essay Example There is no quantitative investigation for the subjective issue, rather, SSM at its most fundamental structure, is the subjective examination that loans to an answer. Tajino and Smith (2005) portray how SSM contrasts from a hard quantitative methodology in light of the fact that the issues are in regards to human action frameworks and the way in which HAS are comprehensively related with the individuals in a circumstance. The center competency of SSM is to understand that the model is the human action frameworks that drive clashes and an expository way to deal with qualifying the emotional data into an arrangement of goals. The world perspective on SSM is comprised, made or built by the ideas we use in our perceptions of and proclamations about the world (Christis p 11. 2005). In Checkland and Stoles seven phase model, as portrayed by Tajino and Smith (2005) the main stage in SSM is to imagine the circumstance, despite the fact that this is valid for most exploration and critical thinking strategies, Checkland and Stoles take this somewhat farther to arrange the exact and emotional proof into the optional stage, which is the difficult circumstance, characterized by the previously mentioned proof. The third stage inclines to the genuine language of the framework, the way where the framework creates to settle a goals, and this progression is the root meaning of the applicable and deliberate action frameworks that are occupied with the specific issue. The root definition is the place the Weltanschauung gets comprehended from the underlying drivers that change the issues substance. Stage four is again framework language obtrusive, this is the applied model of the procedures named in the root definition; in short this is where the apparent world is improved and broken into its different yet unpredictably interrelated parts. In stage five, the theoretical model is contrasted and the truth of the world, and used to contrast stage four and stage two, with the compelling plan to take into account a basic meaning of the calculated model that is an attainable model for human activities, and this plausibility is additionally investigated in stage six. Stage six creates on the intrinsic and attractive changes that are attainable inside the genuine area of human associations and human connections. The end to SSM comes in stage seven, where activities for development are distinguished. In the gathering venture A, we analyzed ESCO Ltd and made a SSM examination. The methodologies of the application were in accordance with the means, where the issue was confused and afterward distinguished. A CATWOE investigation the constitution of those individual components in the framework helps with building up a far reaching root definition, and from that examination, the root definition viewing ESCO's issues were expressed as: An ESCO possessed and staffed framework which is leaded by three offices comprehends and manages the client grumblings; offers progressing help and upkeep to clients through the framework; gives client and staff preparing program; embraces that system and change whenever required and release clients when suitable. Where the theoretical model when contrasted with the rich picture noticed some concerned issues that ought to be featured. Absence of Communication-a

Level 3 Diploma Perioperative Support Essay Example for Free

Level 3 Diploma Perioperative Support Essay Clarify how and why individual focused qualities must impact all parts of wellbeing and social consideration work Some of the individual focused qualities that impact parts of wellbeing and social consideration are; Good correspondence How By utilizing great correspondence you can give an individual focused way to deal with care. Giving a patient/individual as data as conceivable is a method of good correspondence, illuminate them what you are doing before you do it and keeping in mind that you are doing it, clarify why you will do what you are doing or going to do and tell them what's in store I. . on the off chance that you are going to canulate them let them realize that they may feel a sharp scratch Why Giving a patient/singular steady data helps cause the patient to feel calm as they feel increasingly engaged with what is happening and have an away from of what is happening , this likewise gives the individual the information on what will occur and why. Correspondence is a key component in giving individual focused consideration Choice How By asking a patient/individual on the off chance that they might want to keep there listening device in while I bring the patient down to theater I am giving them a decision whether they might want to expel there portable hearing assistant or decide to keep it on. Why By giving patients/people decisions you are giving them a touch of control in a situation where patients can feel they have no power over what's going on and by giving them little alternatives it can cause them to feel more in charge and give them some poise and regard. Making time How In principle theaters it very well may be difficult to set aside a few minutes for patients as time is for the most part of the pith and the requirement for keeping the auditorium list moving rapidly and proficiently is vital, yet by basically conversing with your patient while you are shipping them down to theater can have a significant effect, it helps quiet the patient down, taking there mind off the activity they are going to have. By conversing with them while you are moving them you are as yet keeping to as far as possible set out before you. Why Making time for a patient/individual is presumably the most significant thing you can do in a framework where the patient may feel like there being hauled from column to post in a bustling division where nobody possesses energy for them and feel that it’s an instance of â€Å"get them in get them out† mentality. Removing only a short ways from your timetable can have a monstrous effect to a patient as it consoles them that they are not overlooked which causes the patient to feel significant and not a weight on the framework.

Selection-time Questions Omnibus

Selection-time Questions Omnibus Another Questions Omnibus as always, I wish I had more time to write entire entries on many of these topics, and Ill answer more questions as soon as I can A Probably Not So Important Question That Might asked, Hey Matt, Im just wondering, after everyone gets their acceptance letters and rejenot-acceptance letters, do you ever get people who come on here and say harsh things? Well, as has been noted in the comments, this is our first year blogging, so I dont quite know what to expect. I hope that these blogs have shown you the care and consideration we give each application, and that people know that we did our best to select a class. As Ive written before, our overall admit rate this year will probably be under 16%, meaning that, unfortunately, well have to turn away 5 out of every 6 applicants. In one of the Oscar-nominated short films I watched last night, a cheerleading coach told her cheerleaders at a big competition, Cry if you win because youre happy, but dont cry if you lose because youre sad. [paraphrase] I think that has some relevance here. The vast majority of people who apply arent admitted. See it as a great opportunity if youre admitted, but I hope that people will be okay if theyre not. (This can be applied to all of the other crazy schools that also have these unfortunately miniscule admit rates) MIT Programs Life nghi wrote, can you write about the new management minor offered at Sloan!! It sounds so fantastic! You can read more about it here, but heres a snippet: while many universities offer management majors or individual business courses, the Sloan minor in management will serve as a coordinated curriculum aimed at enhancing the effectiveness and leadership potential of students majoring in science, engineering or other MIT concentrations. For the minor, students will take four required coursesprinciples of microeconomics, corporate financial accounting, people and organizations, and marketing managementand two elective courses from a range of offerings. To better link this academic component to the real world, students will be encouraged to participate in summer internships and bring their experiences back to Sloan in a follow-up course titled Leadership and Organizational Change. nghi also wrote, Im wondering if you can write about the gay and lesbian community at MITthe good, the bad, and the ugly aspects (ie homophobia). Which house and frat is gay-friendly? The administrations view on it? etc. I would characterize MIT overall as being a very accepting and friendly place for gay and lesbian students (this is my outsiders perspective; if I get a chance, Ill have someone from the community write a bit). MIT in general is very accepting of different personalities and overall diversity, with purple-haired barefoot goths being on equal status with the preppy jocks; theres not a real social stratification here. Perhaps one of the best things for the LGBT community is our location in Massachusetts, which Im proud to be able to say was the first state in the Union to legalize gay marriage (as most everyone knows now). Between the very tolerant Boston-area community, and our university administrators being, as at most universities, extremely open-minded and supportive of diverse populations, people here are quite tolerant. Administratively, I know that at least two prominent members of the Academic Council of MIT (the Presidents Cabinet: the Deans and Vice Presidents) are gay/lesbian, and MIT has added gender identity to its non-discrimination policy (sexual orientation has been a part of the policy for many years). You should definitely check out [emailprotected] if you havent. It talks about all of the different events and support and social groups at MIT. Also, the Lavender Guide talks about LGBT life at MIT and in Boston. Several of the most gay-friendly living groups used to put out a paper publication as well, Ill see if I can get my hands on it. As for the ugly side of life here, I dont know too much about it, but, as anywhere, there exists homophobia at MIT. I wish it didnt. naventus wrote, Haha glad to see you read slashdot too? Lots of people at MIT read Slashdot too? Of course =) Akash wrote, How is [Biological Engineering] working with this lottery Ive been hearing of? Is it possible that by the time I get to choose my major, I wouldnt be able to choose biological engineering because its too new? I dont really know the details of the proposed lottery, but I know all of you (Class of 2009) will be considered equally if/when you want to declare Biological Engineering at the end of your freshman year. BE will be the first and only department with a lottery (which will be phased out); all other majors you can declare without any requirements. Even if the lottery doent work out for you, there are other majors (not lotteried) including Chemical-Biological Engineering (XB) and Mechanical Engineerings Bioengineering track (Biotrack in 2A). UROPs in the department will remain open to everyone, regardless of major (as all UROPs at MIT are). In short, yes, you will be able to major in and do research in bioengineering at MIT. Application additions Shashank wrote, I sent a letter explaining some additions to my application (is that called a supplement?) to [emailprotected] almost one and a half week ago. However, i havent got a reply yet. How can i find out if it has been added to my file? The folks who staff the email have probably printed out your email and added it to your file without replying. I wouldnt worry. Emigna, wrote, A question about sending in extra information or materials at this late stage: I remember you saying in an earlier post that it is too late for additional materials to go to the selection committee but that an admissions officer will still read it. Clearly and understandably that wont entail full consideration, but to what extent does that role still play in the admissions process? Anything we think might have bearing on an admissions case will be fully considered. For the most part, in my experience, few additional materials at this point have significant weight in the process. If you have something that is a significant update in your mind, please inform us, but minor updates for the sake of updating your file will not carry much weight. Shashank also wrote, Also, im from india. Since the application said the Mid year grade report was only for students from US school systems, i didnt bother to send one in. Is that okay? Yes. neha wrote, The thing is my main board exams; Singapore-Cambridge GCE A level results are due early march and my school always receommends sending a copy to even US universities as i am not sure how Alevel results are treated in US. BUt will it be too late to send in then as tje earliest day i can fax a copy is the day they are released. Will they still be accepted. For many applicants (especially those doing IB or A Levels), we need to rely largely on predicted grades. Your school has probably already given us your predicted marks (most schools in Singapore do), and well use these. If admitted, youll submit the actual marks as the Final Grade Report. Sephy wrote, I called up the office of admissions on the 11th Feb regarding the matter of MIT not having received my SAT score report. I was told to fax over the reports that CollegeBoard had sent me. I faxed them over to MIT on the 11th itself, yet, my profile on the MyMIT portal still states that MIT hasnt got my scoreswat could be wrong? I have requested CollegeBoard to send the score reports again about two weeks ago..i hope my app will still be valid..thanks! You app will certainly still be valid. Your scores wont show up on the tracking system until we get the official scores from the College Board, but we have, in pencil, written in the scores you faxed us, and will consider them as we would the official scores. At the end of the process we will make sure we have a full, official set of scores from everyone. Xiaoxuan asked, National Merit Finalists decisions were announced this week, would this information be significant enough to notify the admission office? If so should it be mailed to you guys? Congratulations on your honor. You should be proud, but in general, the National Merit Scholarship competition does not significantly influence admissions decisions at MIT. Misc. Applicant in distress wrote, Matt, on the application it asked for my AMC 12 scores. I wasnt sure exactly what the test was, and mistook it for a different math competition I participated in late last year (in May of 2004). Now that Ive actually taken the AMC 12 (just a couple days ago), Ive realized my mistake! Will admissions look at this score and, realizing that it is out of range (the test I took was graded on a 250 point, and received a 195) and that it was taken much too late in the year to be the AMC 12, simply believe I made a mistake? Or will they think that Im lying?! Help, please!!!!! Dont worry about it. Change from an Applicant in Distress to an Applicant at Ease. No worries. Someone asked, So, how many ties do you have? Well, I think its only 11 ties, by my latest count. Maybe Ill try to get a picture of all of them Joseph Vissarionvich Djvugashvili wrote, I ask that you please, through the kindness of your heart, not to describe your ties, but to post a picture of them. Ill post a picture of the lassi-day tie in my previous entry below; that brings the count to three tie pictures to date in the blog. Any more and Id start to feel like there are too many pictures of me nav wrote, Im curious- does any other school do blogging? Students at just about every school blog. Check out, for example, xanga.com or livejournal.com to find communities of students at the schools you are interested in. As for Admissions Officer blogs, the only non-MIT one Im aware of, as Ive previously written, is Chris over at Loyola Marymount University in Los Angeles. If anyone is aware of any others, please let me know. Admissions nghi asked, matt what would you say is the most important factor in MIT Admission? Thats a nearly impossible question to answer, but Ill try anyway. The easiest answer would probably be to say that having a strong transcript in school is most important. In our Common Data Set filing, secondary school record is the only category we check as very important. But as you know from reading this blog, everything is important, and if it wasnt important, we wouldnt ask for it on the application. Its a holistic, subjective process that considers many, many factors. John asked, How many international students applied this year? And Saad asked, what is the exact number of international and domestic applicants out of the 10,439 applications? I havent seen final numbers, but I understand they are comparable to numbers in previous years, that is, between 2000 and 2500 applicants. John also asked, Since the international applicant pool will be selected within the next two weeks, will we be notified of our rejection/selection before the general public is informed? And Sumith wrote, Has MIT finished reading all the international Applications and when (exact date), would you expect the admissions decisions to be emailed or posted on the website. And mit_hopefulgirl asked, when exactly will international selection be conducted is it done in a day, or over a period of time? We are still working on international applications, and expect to do selection in about a week and a half or so. It will be a one or two day process. We will mail all decisions, international and domestic, admit and deny, on the same day in mid-March. Philly Kid asked, the national leadership conferences NSLC, NYLF, etc. say if the nominee doesnt go, is still a recognition? Please dont do these programs for the recognition. I see their value as being educational to you meeting people with the same passions as you, hearing really interesting speakers and not as something that will help you get into college. Do things that you like. As far as nominations go, youre probably nominated by one of your teachers, and we look forward to seeing their recommendation of you as a part of your application. Jen writes, Im from NY and NYS makes hs students take statewide exams known as Regents. Im just wondering, do Regent grades affect admission to MIT in any way? Many states now have these state-mandated tests MCAS in Massachusetts, TAAS in Texas, etc. and since they appear on transcripts, we will see the test marks. So, they will be seen and considered, but the final mark from your school will be most important to us. kumar wrote, do u have any age limit 2 apply to MIT, i was born on 1988,If i donot get into mIt this year can i apply next year We have no minimum age, and certainly being born in 1988 is not a problem for the Class of 2009. We do have some younger students at MIT, including a student who was born in 1990. For any student more than a year or two younger than traditional age, we will greatly scrutinize the applicants maturity (along with the usual factors) to make sure that the student will be a good fit on a residential campus. In general, I recommend waiting until age 17 or so to apply to college for social reasons, but we will consider non-traditionally aged students, both older and younger. (On this note, Ben informed me today that the DVD of Doogie Howser, M.D, Season One, will be out next month) To answer your second question, students who have not enrolled full time at a college may apply again as a freshman. Ian T. asked, How does MIT take into account tougher grading scales? A schools grading scale is part of your context, see my previous entry on the subject. The rigor of your school and its grading standards is one part of your context that we will definitely consider. A.ramakrishnan, My 60 year old research carrer has forced me tio believe that a students creativity,intuition,and the courage to question , should be given far more importance than grades and scores ,I would like to know,If a person like Ramanujan who got low in exams and tests,but still became the leader of 2oth century maths can pass through the admission process. Oh, I really have no idea. We do try to follow your beliefs, that creativity and other subjective factors should be given significant weight, and that grades and scores should not be the defining metric. But Ramanujan? Id like to think wed have admitted him Alexandra asked, if you guys are in selection committees already, What would be a rough estimate to when you guys will be ready to mail off the letters of acceptance/denial? I wrote this above, but maybe I should give it its own answer so that all can see it: we are aiming to mail decision letters in mid-March. Watch my blog for pictures of the postman and Bens blog for pictures of his ceremonial shave =)

Supremacy and Member States - Free Essay Example

Sample details Pages: 5 Words: 1615 Downloads: 2 Date added: 2017/06/26 Category Law Essay Type Compare and contrast essay Did you like this example? A Study of EU Supremacy and Member States Introduction Each of the member states of the European Union have a constitution of some sort; whether its written or otherwise. Most of them have a written constitution (with the United Kingdom being one of the few who doesnt), and this can cause a great many problems when it comes to EU supremacy if it in any way conflicts with their constitution. Although one of the conditions of membership of the European Union is that member states give priority to EU legislation over their own, many were (and still are) unwilling to surrender the authority of their own law. The following essay will explain what is meant by the concept of supremacy of the European Union, then go on to examine the importance of the constitution in Germany and France and their contrasting reactions of the governments and court systems to European supremacy. Finally, these will be compared to the constitution and reactions here in the UK. Don’t waste time! Our writers will create an original "Supremacy and Member States" essay for you Create order Supremacy The idea of the supremacy of EU law stems from the fact that in certain situations, the constitution and laws of the member state may conflict with those of the EU. When this happens, the member state in question is meant to ignore their own National laws and let EU law take precedent. As Foster said, it can be looked at from two angles; that of the Union, and that of the member state[1]. While there is no specific provision of the Treaty on European Union (TEU) which expressly regulates the supremacy of EU law over that of member states, but it is implied in Article 4(3) of the TEU with the fidelity clause. This imposes a duty on all member states to ensure that appropriate measures are adopted to ensure that the obligations of the treaty are observed, as well as a negative duty to refrain from acts which might prevent the achievement of any objective of the treaty. The idea of supremacy as it stands today regarding member states was created and developed through a number of im portant cases and rulings; the first of which is Van Gend en Loos v Nederlandse Administratie der Belagstingen[2]. Here, a conflict between the national law of the Netherlands and EU law, and citizens would have had no protection if they had to rely on National law. The European Court of Justice held that the treaty in question was meant to protect individual, and therefore the Netherlands had failed to comply with EU law. It was held that individuals in the Community could uphold their rights under Community law in National courts as member states had limited their sovereignty when becoming part of the EU (although these limits were in the range agreed in the EC Treaty), saying that The Community constitutes a new legal order in international law, for whose benefits the States have limited their sovereignty rights, albeit within limited fields. This was the first time that EU was regarded, if not specifically stated, as superior by the Court of Justice. Costa v ENEL marks the first time that this fact was expressly stated. Here, the issue raised was whether a National court should refer a case to the Court of Justice if Community law may be applicable, or merely use National law. It was held that EU law holds precedent over all contradicting National laws, thus confirming the EUs overall legal supremacy. Regardless of what is held in any case presented or what is specifically stated by the EU, there are still a great many conflicts over their supremacy; especially where a member states Constitution is concerned. Germany The Robert Pattenson State to the EUs Twilight Saga. Germanys Constitution is known as the Basic Law for the Federal Republic of Germany, and has been effect since 1949 (in West Germany; 1990 in a reunited Germany). It holds great importance to the nation as its purpose is to ensure that a political dictator could never again take power in the aftermath of World War II, and to establish a stable Government and parliamentary system. Although Germany were one of the founding members of the EU, membership caused some initial problems with regards to the constitution. Mainly, there was a question of the basic principles of Basic Law being under adequate protection under Community Law. This was further aggravated with the Court of Justices decision in Internationale Handelsgesellschaft, in which the ECJ held that not even a elementary principal of a National constitution could be used to challenge the supremacy of EU law. Matters are further complicated when the fact that Germany has five separate courts the ordinary, specialised, social security, labour, and tax as well as the constitutional courts is taken into account. The Federal Tax Court has already refused to acknowledge the sovereignty of EU law in two cases (1981 and 1986), and in the second case contradicted a ruling of the ECJ. Ironically, this violated the German Constitution, which states that no one shall be deprived of their rightful judge (which in this case was the ECJ). Germany is one of (if not the most) reluctant member state to accept EU sovereignty, challenging Community law whenever the opportunity presents itself, to the point that there is a long running saga of them opposing the ECs banana regime. France The Constitution of the Fifth Republic was adopted in 1958, and established France as a secular and democratic country. The French courts are divided in to two factions, ordinary and administrative, as well as the Constitutional court. Despite the fact that they are all subject to Article 55 of the French constitution (which states that Treaties or agreements duly ratified or approved shall, upon publication, prevail over Acts of Parliament, subject, with respect to each agreement or treaty, to its application by the other party), they have had drastically different attitudes towards the integration of EU law. The French ordinary courts had no difficulty in accepting the supremacy of EU law, making Article 267 TFEU (previously Article 234 EC) references to the ECJ and complying with Article 55 of the Constitution. The French Supreme court actually supported EU Supremacy without reference to the constitution due to the direct effect of EU law itself, seen in the case of Cafe V abre[3]. Here, the article now known as Article 110 TFEU was held to succeed over national statue. Consequently, the lower courts have been seen to follow this example. The French administrative courts, however, take a substantially different approach. In fact, the Supreme Administrative Court, Conseil dÃÆ'†°tat, has on occasion completely disregarded EU law supremacy or the necessity to make a reference to the Court of Justice. This comes down to one of the French principals of law, acte clair, which states that if a provision of law is clear, there is no need to make reference to a higher court and is merely to be applied. This can be seen in the case of Minister of the Interior v Cohn-Bendit[4], where it was held that an individual could not rely on directives to challenge the administrative courts. Nevertheless, in more recent times there has been a more accommodating approach when it comes to the acceptance of EU supremacy in the French administrative courts. The two m ost notable cases on this front are Nicolo[5], in which the Conseil dÃÆ'†°tat re-evaluated its view of the supremacy of international law over domestic (chiefly due to Article 55 of the French Constitution), and Boisdet[6], where a piece of incompatible national law was declared invalid due to Community regulations. In light of the overall acceptance of EU law supremacy, the French constitution was amended in 1992 to include Title 15, Articles 88-1 to 88-7. This deals directly with the European Union and the extent of its supremacy in relation to national law. The only issue with this is that the Articles do not explicitly state whether or not Community law takes precedence over the Constitution, and some recent judgements have suggested that international obligations are not automatically supreme. There is still some debate in literature as to the full extent of this. The United Kingdom The United Kingdom is one of the few member states of the EU to have an unwritten constitution. Instead our principals are drawn from various sources written and unwritten which includes both legislation and common law. Because of this, it is held that No act of parliament is unconstitutional, for the law of the land knows not the word or the idea[7]. This can make things easier when it comes to implementing any international obligations imposed by the EU, as there is more flexibility of the constitution. The UK take what is known as a dualist approach, which means that any law passed by the EU that is not directly applicable (under Section 2(1) of the European Communities Act 1972) does not apply under UK domestic law until there is a piece of secondary legislation to give it effect. Section 2(4) of the ECA also deals with the association between EU law and National law without expressly stating that the former has sovereignty. Conclusion This Bibliography Foster on EU Law, [3rd Edition, 2011], N. Foster Law of the European Union, [3rd Edition, 2001], P. Kent The Member States of the European Union, [2005], S. Bulmer and C. Lequesne Constitutional Law of the European Union, [2nd Edition, 2005] Various Authors English Constitutional History, [1967] S.B. Chimes Application of Articles 81 82 EC by the French Ordinary Courts. A Procedural Perspective, [2001] C. MomÃÆ' ¨ge and L. Idot [1] Foster on EU Law [Fourth Edition], 2013, pg 131, chapter 5.1 [2] Van Gend en Loos v Nederlandse Administratie der Belagstingen [1963] E.C.R. 1 [3] Cafe Vabre, [1975] 2 CMLR [4] Minister of the Interior v Cohn-Bendit [1980] 1 CMLR 543 [5] Nicolo, [1990] 1 CMLR 173 [6] Boisdet, [1990] 1 CMLR 3 [7] English Constitutional History, [1967] S.B. Chimes

The National Basketball Association ( Nba ) - 760 Words

One of the professional sport leagues that I feel does the best job exposing diverse population playing its sport is the National Basketball Association (NBA). The sports league that I feel does the worst job of exposing diverse populations to playing its sport is the National Hockey League (NHL). The NBA consists of a variety of people from different cultures and ethnical backgrounds that play the game. Many great NBA players have come from different cultures and had a great career playing basketball for the NBA such as Pau Gasol who is from Spain, Manu Ginobili who is from Argentina, Dirk Nowitzki who is from West Germany, and many more great basketball players. There are many great NBA players that come from different social class such as Kobe Bryant coming from a middle class family because his father played professional basketball in Italy and in the NBA and Jimmy Butler who was homeless at the age of 13. The reason why I chose NHL as the worst to expose diverse population beca use the league is predominantly white and hockey doesn’t seem like a worldwide sport, because the only areas I seen where people really are into hockey is in Canada and the north and northeast part of the United States. I really found it odd that there are a lot of minority hockey fans in northern states, but there is very little minority playing hockey. An African American NHL named Wayne Simmonds had a banana thrown at him doing a game in London, which is a racist act. Another example of racismShow MoreRelatedThe National Basketball Association ( Nba )2016 Words   |  9 PagesThe National Basketball Association (NBA) was founded on June 6, 1949 in New York City and has exploded today to become one of the most popular professional sports leagues in the world, next to the National Football League(NFL). 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At this pointRead MoreThe Basketball Association Of America Essay1170 Words   |  5 PagesThe game of basketball was founded by Canadian physical education instructor James Naismi th in 1891. It was a game that was first played in local YMCA that helped develop the game to what it is today. The YMCA had a major role in spreading basketball throughout the world. In 1893 basketball was now playing at the collegiate level. A few years later in 1898 the first professional league was founded. The National Basketball League consisted of six teams, but was later abandoned in 1904. The game continued

Cyber Bullying Outline And Thesis Free Essays

Actions that use information and communication technologies to support deliberate, repeated, and hostile behavior by an individual or group, that is intended to harm another or others. †¢use of communication technologies for the intention of harming another person †¢use of internet service and mobile technologies such as web pages and discussion groups as well as instant messaging or SMStext messaging with the intention of harming another person. Examples of what constitutes cyberbullying include communications that seek to intimidate, control, manipulate, put down, falsely discredit, or humiliate the recipient. We will write a custom essay sample on Cyber Bullying Outline And Thesis or any similar topic only for you Order Now The actions are deliberate, repeated, and hostile behavior intended to harm another. Cyberbullying has been defined by The National Crime Prevention Council: â€Å"When the Internet, cell phones or other devices are used to send or post text or images intended to hurt or embarrass another person. † A cyberbully may be a person whom the target knows or an online stranger. A cyberbully may be anonymous and may solicit involvement of other people online who do not even know the target. This is known as a ‘digital pile-on. ‘ Cyberbullying vs. Cyberstalking Further information: Cyberstalking The practice of cyberbullying is not limited to children and, while the behavior is identified by the same definition when practiced by adults, the distinction in age groups sometimes refers to the abuse as cyberstalking or cyberharassment when perpetrated by adults toward adults.   Common tactics used by cyberstalkers are performed in public forums, social media or online information sites and are intended to threaten a victim’s earnings, employment, reputation, or safety. Behaviors may include encouraging others to harass the victim and trying to affect a victim’s online participation. Many cyberstalkers try to damage the reputation of their victim and turn other people against them. Cyberstalking may include false accusations, monitoring, making threats, identity theft, damage to data or equipment, the solicitation of minors for sex, or gathering information in order to harass.   A repeated pattern of such actions and harassment against a target by an adult constitutes cyberstalking. Cyberstalking often features linked patterns of online and offline behavior. There are consequences of law in offline stalking and online stalking, and cyber-stalkers can be put in jail. Cyberstalking is a form of cyberbullying.   Comparison to Traditional Bullying Certain characteristics inherent in online technologies increase the likelihood that they will be exploited for deviant purposes. Unlike physical bullying, electronic bullies can remain virtually anonymous using temporary email accounts, pseudonyms in chat rooms, instant messaging programs, cell-phone text messaging, and other Internet venues to mask their identity; this perhaps frees them from normative and social constraints on their behavior. Additionally, electronic forums often lack supervision. While chat hosts regularly observe the dialog in some chat rooms in an effort to police conversations and evict offensive individuals, personal messages sent between users (such as electronic mail or text messages) are viewable only by the sender and the recipient, thereby outside the regulatory reach of such authorities. In addition, when teenagers know more about computers and cellular phones than their parents or guardians, they are therefore able to operate the technologies without concern that a parent will discover their experience with bullying (whether as a victim or offender). Another factor is the inseparability of a cellular phone from its owner, making that person a perpetual target for victimization. Users often need to keep their phone turned on for legitimate purposes, which provides the opportunity for those with malicious intentions to engage in persistent unwelcome behavior such as harassing telephone calls or threatening and insulting statements via the cellular phone’s text messaging capabilities. Cyberbullying thus penetrates the walls of a home, traditionally a place where victims could seek refuge from other forms of bullying. Compounding this infiltration into the home life of the cyberbully victim is the unique way in which the internet can â€Å"create simultaneous sensations of exposure (the whole world is watching) and alienation (no one understands). â€Å"For youth who experience shame or self-hatred, this effect is dangerous because it can lead to extreme self isolation. One possible advantage for victims of cyberbullying over traditional bullying is that they may sometimes be able to avoid it simply by avoiding the site/chat room in question. Email addresses and phone numbers can be changed; in addition, most e-mail accounts now offer services that will automatically filter out messages from certain senders before they even reach the inbox, and phones offer similar caller ID functions. However, this does not protect against all forms of cyberbullying; publishing of defamatory material about a person on the internet is extremely difficult to prevent and once it is posted, many people or archiving services can potentially download and copy it, at which point it is almost impossible to remove from the Internet. Some perpetrators may post victims’ photos, or victims’ edited photos like defaming captions or pasting victims’ faces on nude bodies. Examples of famous forums for disclosing personal data or photos to â€Å"punish† the â€Å"enemies† include the Hong Kong Golden Forum, Live Journal, and more recently JuicyCampus. Despite policies that describe cyberbullying as a violation of the terms of service, many social networking Web sites have been used to that end. How to cite Cyber Bullying Outline And Thesis, Papers

Accounting and Financial Reporting The Development Process

Question: Describe about the Accounting and Financial Reporting for The Development Process. Answer: The management of staff members is very much for an organization as they contribute their efforts to achieve the organizational goals. The employees should be provided with appropriate training, knowledge programs that help them to increase their efficiency as well as carrying out their tasks objectives. As per the Woolworths, the sustainable development process is being depicted for the purpose of the improvement of the organization performance and also it helps in indicating the appropriate staffs and the members. The key issues which are identified during the process of preparing the financial report depict the inefficiency of the staffs and the decrement of the production with the increment of the costs (Dauber, 2005). This key issue is being developed with indicating the appropriate enhancement of the [process with gaining the sustainable change management in the organization. AS per the Accounting standards of AASB, the accounting issues are being indicated which must be improved by the improvement of the education and the training among the staffs. The environmental challenges faced by the employees must e mitigated by the help of appropriate supply of the equipments and the care for the staffs. This thereby also helps in the improvement of the efficiency and also helps in mit igating the issues which helps in the enhancement of the agricultural concerns. The quality related issues are also indicated by the helps of the Accounting Standards and henceforth the attention for the mitigation of this type of problems must be made by the company (Horngren, 2013). Apart from this, the improvement of the company can be indicated by the enhancement of the security and the tenure with the help of which the decline in the number of sales is being depicted. Henceforth the above mentioned issues and are indicated with the mitigation process for the organization. The main challenge for the human resource department is to select right candidate for the right job. It is the responsibility of the managers and team leader to analyze and determine the needs of the employees which helps to motivate them towards their goals. The employees should also cooperate and follow the directions of their team leaders and managers in order to accomplish their task objectives effectively and efficiently (Industrialrelations, 2016). The staff members should also show their interest to learn new things and acquiring the knowledge and skill of new and advanced technologies. An appropriate flow of communication plays a significant role in establishing healthy relationships as well as coordinating to each other. The employees should be motivated through rewards, appreciation, opportunities and high wages. The employees should communicate their problems to their team leaders or managers and an effective coordination will help them to overcome from difficult situation s. The workplace safety is also very much important for an organization that should be evaluated by the safety managers (Oppermann, 2009). The workplace environment should be friendly in which the employees can perform effectively. References Dauber, N. (2005).2006 auditing standards. Australia: Thomson. Horngren, C. (2013).Accounting. Frenchs Forest, N.S.W.: Pearson Australia. Industrialrelations,. (2016).Managing_employees.Industrialrelations.nsw.gov.au. Retrieved 13 December 2016, from https://www.industrialrelations.nsw.gov.au/oirwww/Employment_info/Managing_employees.page Oppermann, H. (2009).Accounting standards. Lansdowne: Juta.